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Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Inc. scored its third approval from the US Food and Drug Administration in as many years Monday, this time for a medicine to treat a rare disease that affects the kidneys.

The rare disorder — called primary hyperoxaluria type 1 — causes a buildup of oxalate in the body, which when not filtered properly can cause kidney and bladder stones.

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The Cambridge biotech’s drug, called lumasiran, has been shown to help lower the oxalate levels of patients with the disease. Lumasiran (brand name Oxlumo) is the first medicine approved to treat the disease in the US for both children and adults.

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