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In an effort to ease drug development for Alzheimer’s disease, the Food and Drug Administration is endorsing a new approach that would rely on biomarkers to approve medicines before patients show any signs of the illness, instead of demonstrating a drug alleviates symptoms.

To entice researchers, the agency would accelerate approval of a drug for people who do not show indications they have the disease if the treatment has an effect on a biomarker, according to a draft guidance released on Thursday. The agency did not specify any biomarkers, but presumably, this could include beta amyloid or tau, which are proteins believed responsible for triggering the disease.

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Once a drug becomes available, a drug maker would then have to conduct additional studies to confirm its treatment offers a benefit, notably a change in cognition. This would also amount to a significant policy revision, because the FDA previously looked for treatments that could provide changes in function, as well as cognition.

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